Hazelnut 101: Nutrition, Benefits, How To Use, Buy, Store | Hazelnuts: A Complete Guide

What is Hazelnut

Hazelnuts are the edible nuts of the hazel tree (Corylus). They are also known as filbert nuts or cobnuts, depending on the species. Hazelnuts are characterized by their round or oval shape, with a hard, woody shell that surrounds the edible kernel. The kernel, or nutmeat, is often used in a variety of culinary applications and is prized for its rich, nutty flavor and crunchy texture.

Hazelnuts are commonly used in both sweet and savory dishes. They can be eaten raw, roasted, or ground into a paste, known as hazelnut butter or hazelnut spread. Hazelnuts are frequently used in baking to make cookies, cakes, and pastries, as well as in confectionery, where they are used to make pralines and chocolate truffles.

Hazelnuts are also a good source of various essential nutrients, including healthy fats, protein, fiber, and vitamins and minerals such as vitamin E, manganese, and copper. They are considered a nutritious and versatile ingredient in many cuisines around the world.

Other Names of Hazelnut

Hazelnuts are known by various names in different parts of the world. Here are some of the common alternative names for hazelnuts:

1. Filberts: Filbert is one of the most widely used alternate names for hazelnuts, particularly in the United States.
2. Cobnuts: Cobnuts are another name for specific varieties of hazelnuts, usually those with a more elongated shape. This term is commonly used in the United Kingdom.
3. Corylus: This is the botanical name for the hazel tree, which produces hazelnuts.
4. Avellana: In some regions, hazelnuts are referred to by their scientific name, Corylus avellana.
5. Hazel Nuts: The term “hazel nuts” is derived from the name of the hazel tree and is used interchangeably with “hazelnuts.”
6. Avelã: In Portuguese, hazelnuts are known as “avelã.”
7. Noisettes: This is the French term for hazelnuts, and it is commonly used in French cuisine.
8. Haselnuss: In German, hazelnuts are referred to as “Haselnuss.”
9. Nocciola: The Italian name for hazelnuts is “nocciola.”
10. Philbert: This is an older and less commonly used alternative to “filbert.”

These names may vary by region and language, but they all refer to the same nut produced by the hazel tree.

Nutritional Value of Hazelnut

Here’s the nutritional value of hazelnuts per 1-ounce (28-gram) serving, in a tabular form:

Nutrient	Amount per 1 ounce (28g)
Calories	176
Total Fat	17 grams
Saturated Fat	1.3 grams
Monounsaturated Fat	13 grams
Polyunsaturated Fat	2.2 grams
Protein	4 grams
Dietary Fiber	2.7 grams
Carbohydrates	4.7 grams
Sugars	1.1 grams
Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol)	4.3 mg (22% DV)
Thiamine (Vitamin B1)	0.2 mg (12% DV)
Magnesium	46.2 mg (12% DV)
Phosphorus	78.3 mg (8% DV)
Copper	0.4 mg (18% DV)
Manganese	1.3 mg (65% DV)
Vitamin B6	0.2 mg (9% DV)
Folate	12.2 mcg (3% DV)
Potassium	193 mg (5% DV)
Iron	1.3 mg (7% DV)
Calcium	32.5 mg (3% DV)
Zinc	0.7 mg (5% DV)

Please note that these values are approximate and can vary slightly depending on the specific variety of hazelnuts and their growing conditions. Hazelnuts are a good source of healthy fats, protein, dietary fiber, and various essential vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin E, copper, and manganese. They can be a nutritious addition to your diet when consumed in moderation.

Benefits of Hazelnut

Hazelnuts offer a range of health benefits when consumed as part of a balanced diet. Some of the key benefits of hazelnuts include:

1. Heart Health:
   • Hazelnuts are rich in monounsaturated fats, which can help lower bad LDL cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
   • They are a good source of magnesium and potassium, which can help regulate blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health.
2. Antioxidant Protection:
   • Hazelnuts are a good source of vitamin E, which is a powerful antioxidant that can protect cells from oxidative damage.
   • They also contain other antioxidants like phytochemicals and flavonoids, which have protective effects on the body.
3. Weight Management:
   • Despite being calorie-dense, hazelnuts can promote a feeling of fullness due to their high fiber and healthy fat content. This can help with weight management by reducing overall calorie intake.
4. Nutrient Rich:
   • Hazelnuts provide essential nutrients, including B vitamins (such as thiamine and vitamin B6), magnesium, copper, manganese, and iron.
5. Bone Health:
   • Hazelnuts contain calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, which are important for maintaining strong and healthy bones.
6. Digestive Health:
   • The fiber in hazelnuts supports digestive health by aiding regular bowel movements and preventing constipation.
7. Skin Health:
   • The antioxidants in hazelnuts, particularly vitamin E, can help protect the skin from premature aging and sun damage.
8. Reduced Inflammation:
   • The healthy fats and antioxidants in hazelnuts may help reduce chronic inflammation, which is associated with various health issues.
9. Diabetes Management:
   • Hazelnuts have a low glycemic index, and their fiber and healthy fats can help regulate blood sugar levels, making them a suitable option for people with diabetes.
10. Cognitive Function:
    • Some research suggests that the nutrients in hazelnuts, including vitamin E and manganese, may support brain health and cognitive function.
11. Nutrient Absorption:
    • Hazelnuts contain small amounts of vitamin C, which can enhance the absorption of non-heme iron from plant-based foods.

It’s important to consume hazelnuts in moderation as part of a balanced diet, as they are calorie-dense. A small handful of hazelnuts can be a nutritious and satisfying snack. Be aware of potential allergies to tree nuts, and consult with a healthcare professional or dietitian if you have specific dietary concerns or health conditions.

Varieties of Hazelnut

There are several varieties of hazelnuts, and the specific types can vary by region and climate. Some of the common hazelnut varieties include:

1. European Hazelnut (Corylus avellana): This is one of the most common species of hazelnuts, and it includes various cultivars like Barcelona, Butler, Daviana, and Tonda di Giffoni. These are often the types used for commercial hazelnut production and are known for their rich, nutty flavor.
2. American Hazelnut (Corylus americana): These hazelnuts are native to North America and are often used in the United States for their edible nuts. The American hazelnut is more often found in the wild and in landscaping.
3. Beaked Hazelnut (Corylus cornuta): This variety is found in North America, particularly in the northern regions, and is known for its long, beak-like husk that surrounds the nut.
4. Turkish Hazelnut (Corylus colurna): This type is native to southeastern Europe and western Asia. Turkish hazelnuts are known for their round nuts and are also used in commercial production.
5. Lambert’s Filbert (Corylus maxima): Lambert’s Filbert is a variety known for its large and tasty nuts. It’s commonly grown in Europe and the United States.
6. Barcelona: A variety of European hazelnut, Barcelona hazelnuts are grown primarily in the United States. They are known for their large, plump nuts and are often used in the production of hazelnut products.
7. Tonda di Giffoni: Another European hazelnut variety, Tonda di Giffoni hazelnuts are grown in Italy and are prized for their quality and flavor.
8. Daviana: This European hazelnut variety is also grown in Italy and is known for its sweet and flavorful nuts.
9. Kentucky Hazelnut (Corylus americana var. arkansana): A variety of American hazelnut, this type is commonly found in the central and eastern United States.
10. Red Dragon (Corylus avellana ‘Red Dragon’): This is a variety of European hazelnut, known for its unique reddish-purple foliage, making it popular for ornamental landscaping.

These are just a few examples of the many hazelnut varieties. The choice of variety often depends on the intended use, growing conditions, and regional preferences. Commercial cultivation and production typically focus on specific cultivars that are well-suited to the local climate and have desirable qualities for consumption or processing.

What Does Hazelnut Taste Like

Hazelnuts have a distinct and rich flavor. They are often described as having a sweet, nutty, and slightly buttery taste. The flavor can be somewhat earthy and may have a hint of bitterness, especially in the skin or the darker roasted varieties.

When roasted, hazelnuts develop a more pronounced, toasted flavor, which enhances their sweetness and nuttiness while mellowing any bitterness. The roasting process brings out their aromatic and warm qualities, making them a popular choice for snacking, baking, and as an ingredient in various culinary dishes and confections.

Overall, the taste of hazelnuts is a combination of sweetness, nuttiness, and a subtle complexity that makes them a versatile and popular ingredient in a wide range of both sweet and savory dishes.

How To Use Hazelnut

Hazelnuts can be used in various culinary applications, both in savory and sweet dishes. Here are some ways to use hazelnuts:

1. Snacking: Hazelnuts can be enjoyed as a healthy snack on their own. You can simply roast and salt them for a tasty treat.
2. Baking: Hazelnuts are a popular addition to baked goods, including cookies, cakes, muffins, and bread. They can be chopped, ground into meal, or left whole to add a delightful crunch and flavor to your baked creations.
3. Nut Butters: Make homemade hazelnut butter by blending roasted hazelnuts until they reach a smooth, creamy consistency. This can be used as a spread, a dip for fruits and veggies, or an ingredient in various recipes.
4. Nutella: Hazelnuts are a key ingredient in the beloved hazelnut-chocolate spread, Nutella. You can make your own homemade Nutella-style spread by blending hazelnuts with cocoa, sugar, and a bit of oil.
5. Salads: Toasted and chopped hazelnuts can add a wonderful crunch and nutty flavor to salads. They pair well with both fruit and vegetable salads.
6. Sauces: Hazelnuts can be used to make a flavorful hazelnut sauce, often paired with pasta or vegetables. You can blend hazelnuts with herbs, garlic, olive oil, and other seasonings to create a tasty sauce.
7. Roasted Vegetables: Sprinkle chopped hazelnuts over roasted vegetables for added texture and flavor.
8. Cereal and Oatmeal: Top your breakfast cereal or oatmeal with chopped or sliced hazelnuts for extra nutrition and crunch.
9. Ice Cream and Desserts: Hazelnuts are a popular ingredient in ice cream, gelato, and desserts. They pair particularly well with chocolate, and you can use them in sundaes, parfaits, and more.
10. Hazelnut Coffee: Add a touch of hazelnut flavor to your coffee by using hazelnut-flavored coffee syrups or adding a dash of hazelnut extract.
11. Dips: Ground hazelnuts can be used to create a nut-based dip for vegetables, chips, or bread.
12. Stuffing and Dressing: Incorporate chopped hazelnuts into stuffing or dressing recipes for added texture and flavor.
13. Nut Crusts: Crushed hazelnuts can be used to make a crust for cheesecakes and tarts, adding a unique nutty flavor and texture.

When using hazelnuts in your recipes, it’s essential to toast them first to enhance their flavor. This can be done by spreading the nuts on a baking sheet and roasting them in the oven at 350°F (175°C) for about 10-15 minutes, or until they become fragrant and the skins start to crack. After roasting, you can remove the bitter skins by rubbing the hazelnuts in a clean kitchen towel.

Whether you’re incorporating hazelnuts into sweet or savory dishes, they can add a delightful, nutty richness to your culinary creations.

Substitute for Hazelnut

If you need a substitute for hazelnuts in a recipe due to allergies, unavailability, or personal preference, there are several alternatives you can consider. The choice of substitute will depend on the specific recipe and the flavor you’re aiming to achieve. Here are some common substitutes for hazelnuts:

1. Almonds: Almonds have a slightly sweet, nutty flavor, and they work well as a substitute for hazelnuts in most recipes. You can use blanched almonds, roasted almonds, or almond meal as a replacement.
2. Pecans: Pecans have a rich, sweet, and buttery flavor. They can be used in recipes as a substitute for hazelnuts, particularly in baking.
3. Walnuts: Walnuts have a distinct nutty flavor and a slightly bitter note. They are a good choice for substituting hazelnuts in many recipes, especially if you don’t mind a different flavor profile.
4. Cashews: Cashews are mild and creamy in flavor. While they have a different taste than hazelnuts, they can be used in recipes where a neutral nut flavor works well.
5. Macadamia Nuts: Macadamia nuts have a creamy and rich flavor. They are a good substitute for hazelnuts in recipes where their flavor won’t clash.
6. Sunflower Seeds: For those with nut allergies, roasted and salted sunflower seeds can be a nut-free substitute for hazelnuts in various recipes.
7. Hazelnut Extract or Flavoring: If you want to retain the hazelnut flavor without using actual hazelnuts, you can opt for hazelnut extract or flavoring. Add a small amount at a time, tasting as you go to get the desired flavor.
8. Chestnuts: While chestnuts have a sweeter, milder flavor than hazelnuts, they can work as a substitute in certain recipes, especially in desserts and stuffings.
9. Seeds (Pumpkin or Sesame): Depending on the recipe, pumpkin seeds (pepitas) or sesame seeds can provide a crunchy element in place of hazelnuts.
10. Coconut Flakes: In some sweet recipes, unsweetened coconut flakes can be used to add both texture and a mild nutty flavor.

When substituting for hazelnuts, it’s important to consider the specific taste and texture you want to achieve in your recipe. Keep in mind that the flavor may change, and you may need to adjust other ingredients to maintain the desired taste and texture. Additionally, if you’re dealing with allergies, be aware of potential cross-contamination, and choose nuts or seeds that are safe for your dietary needs.

Where to Buy Hazelnut

You can buy hazelnuts from various sources, depending on your preference and location. Here are some common places where you can purchase hazelnuts:

1. Grocery Stores: Most well-stocked grocery stores or supermarkets carry hazelnuts. Look for them in the nut and dried fruit section. They may be available in various forms, including whole, chopped, sliced, or ground.
2. Health Food Stores: Health food stores and specialty food markets often carry a selection of hazelnuts, including organic and raw varieties.
3. Online Retailers: Numerous online retailers, such as Amazon, specialty nut shops, and health food stores, offer a wide variety of hazelnuts. Shopping online allows you to access a broader range of options and often purchase in bulk.
4. Farmers’ Markets: If you have a local farmers’ market, you may find fresh hazelnuts during the harvest season. Farmers’ markets can be a great place to buy fresh, locally grown hazelnuts.
5. Nut Shops: Some areas have specialty nut shops or stores that focus on selling a wide range of nuts, including hazelnuts.
6. Wholesale Clubs: Stores like Costco and Sam’s Club often sell nuts, including hazelnuts, in bulk at competitive prices.
7. Bulk Food Stores: Stores that specialize in bulk foods allow you to purchase the quantity of hazelnuts you need. You can scoop out the amount you want and avoid excessive packaging.
8. Nut Producers: Some hazelnut producers and farms sell their products directly to consumers. If you live in an area where hazelnuts are grown, you might be able to buy them from local producers.

When buying hazelnuts, consider factors like freshness, quality, and packaging. Look for products that are sealed in airtight containers or vacuum-sealed bags to maintain freshness. You may have the option to choose between roasted, raw, blanched, or ground hazelnuts, depending on your intended use.

Keep in mind that hazelnuts have a limited shelf life due to their high oil content, so store them in an airtight container in a cool, dark place to maintain their quality. If you buy them in larger quantities, you can also freeze hazelnuts to extend their shelf life.

How To Store Hazelnut

Proper storage is essential to maintain the freshness and quality of hazelnuts, as they have a relatively high oil content and can become rancid if not stored correctly. Here are some steps on how to store hazelnuts effectively:

1. Airtight Container: Transfer your hazelnuts to an airtight container. This can be a plastic or glass container with a secure lid. Make sure the container is clean and completely dry before adding the hazelnuts.
2. Keep Them Dry: Moisture can lead to mold and spoilage. Ensure that the hazelnuts are entirely dry before placing them in the container. If you’ve roasted or toasted the nuts, allow them to cool to room temperature first.
3. Store in a Cool, Dark Place: Hazelnuts should be stored in a cool, dark place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. A pantry or cupboard in your kitchen is usually a suitable location.
4. Refrigeration (Optional): While hazelnuts are often stored at room temperature, you can extend their shelf life by keeping them in the refrigerator. Cold storage can help prevent the nuts from going rancid, especially if you live in a warm and humid climate. Just make sure they are in an airtight container to prevent moisture absorption and odors from the fridge.
5. Freezing (Long-term Storage): If you plan to store hazelnuts for an extended period, consider freezing them. Place the nuts in an airtight container or a heavy-duty freezer bag, removing as much air as possible. Label the container with the date of freezing. Hazelnuts can be stored in the freezer for up to a year or longer without significant loss of quality.
6. Avoid Strong Odors: Keep hazelnuts away from items with strong odors, as they can easily absorb surrounding smells. This is especially important if you choose to store them in the refrigerator or freezer.
7. Check for Freshness: Periodically check your hazelnuts for signs of rancidity, such as an off or sour smell. Fresh hazelnuts should have a pleasant, nutty aroma. If you detect any off odors or flavors, it’s time to discard them.

By following these storage guidelines, you can help keep your hazelnuts fresh and flavorful for an extended period. Remember that the shelf life of hazelnuts varies depending on factors like storage conditions, initial quality, and whether they’re shelled or unshelled. If you’re not going to use them within a few months, freezing is the best long-term storage option to maintain their quality.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Hazelnut